| to production | 3 | transitive-object |
| expense → be related to → research | 24 |
| expense → include → research | 7 |
| expense → be associated with → research | 5 |
| expense → be included in → research | 4 |
| expense → relate to → research | 4 |
| expense → be related to → the research | 4 |
| negative | neutral | positive |
| 0.188 | 0.682 | 0.130 |
| Raw frequency | 48 |
| Normalized frequency | 0.455 |
| Modifier score | 1.000 |
| Perplexity | 56.994 |