| Typicality: | 0.523 |
| Saliency: | 0.489 |
| for collecting empirical materials | 8 | purpose |
| to make the nanoparticles | 8 | purpose |
| to direct observation | 7 | purpose |
| researcher → use → a variety of methods | 25 |
| researcher → use → various methods | 16 |
| researcher → apply → a variety of methodologies | 13 |
| researcher → use → several methods | 7 |
| researcher → use → a number of methods | 6 |
| researcher → used → various methods | 3 |
| researcher → use → various different methods | 3 |
| researcher → have → several methods | 3 |
| researcher → use → various methodologies | 3 |
| negative | neutral | positive |
| 0.059 | 0.798 | 0.142 |
| Raw frequency | 79 |
| Normalized frequency | 0.489 |
| Modifier score | 0.700 |
| Perplexity | 30.345 |