| Typicality: | 0.426 |
| Saliency: | 0.412 |
| without their knowledge | 6 | manner |
| scientist → carry out → the study | 13 |
| scientist → perform → the study | 10 |
| scientist → perform → this study | 4 |
| scientist → carry out → this study | 4 |
| negative | neutral | positive |
| 0.272 | 0.605 | 0.123 |
| Raw frequency | 31 |
| Normalized frequency | 0.412 |
| Modifier score | 0.500 |
| Perplexity | 89.539 |